Double-action duplex pump



May 15, 1951 Filed Aug. :51, 194e S.D.ALONSG DOUBLE-Acum@ DUPLEX PUMP 2Sheets-Sheet 1 May l5, 1951 s. D. ALoNso '2,552,703

DOUBLE-ACTION DUPLEX PUMP Filed Aug. 31, 1948 '2 sheets-sheet 2 7@ f a@7? J 7 /03 IN VEN TOR.

Patented May 15, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application August 31,1948, Serial No. 46,957 In XCuba September 13, 1947 (Cl. 10B-177) 4Claims.

This invention relates to reciprocating pumps, and particularly todouble-action duplex pumps having two cylinders which are each connectedwith end chambers and intermediate intake and discharge chambersconnecting with the latter through groups of valves.

'I'he main object of my invention is to provide a double-action duplexpump which is smooth running and highly eiicient in operation by virtueof the balanced and compact arrangement of the parts of the apparatus.

Another object is to provide pump apparatus with a pair of cylinderchambers mounted upon a common supporting frame with each cylinderchamber communicating at the ends thereof with separate end chambersalternately forming auxiliary intake and discharge chambers, whileduplex operating mechanism serves to reciprocate the pistons in thecylinder chambers and surmounts the supporting frame.

Another object is to mount a main intake chamber and a main dischargechamber as an intermediate unit between the end chambers associated witheach cylinder chamber and to provide one of the two main chambers withan intake pipe and with intake valves communicating with both endchambers and the other main chamber with a discharge pipe and withoutlet valves communicating with both of the same end chambers.

` It is a further object to provide such a doubleaction duplex pump inparticularly compact form byn disposing the operating parts yin avertical arrangement and thereby saving floor space and avoiding wearand tear on any side portions due to the effect of the force of gravitywhich would be the case if the parts operated in horizontal direction.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear in furtherdetail as the specification proceeds.

In order to facilitate ready comprehension of this invention for aproper appreciation of the salient features thereof, the invention isillustrated on the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, and inwhich:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a double-action duplex pump madeaccording to the invention and embodying the same in a practical form;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 in Figure l, showing the mainportions of an elongated rack-and-guide frame with a pinion engagingwith the rack;

, Figure 3 is a vertical central section of the oblong rack-and-guideframe of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of one of the vertically-slidablecrossheads surmounting the piston rods of the apparatus;

Figure 5 is another elevation of the same crosshead as seen from theright in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary elevation as seen from the left in Figure l,with the upper left crosshead and the oblong rack-and-guide frameremoved to illustrate the mounting of two of the operating shafts andtheir gearing;

Figure '7 is a transverse section on an enlarged scale of one of thecylinder assemblies of Figure l, but as particularly indicated on linel-- in Figure 8;

Figure 8 is an enlarged vertical section of the same cylinder assemblytaken on line 8--8 in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is an enlarged elevation of one of the intake or dischargevalves shown in plan view in Figure 7 and on a reduced scale in Figure 8in front elevation;

Figure 10 is a bottom plan View of the valve of Figure 9.

Throughout the views, the same reference numerals indicate the same orlike parts.

Ordinary reciprocating pumps are, of course, Well known with theirdrawbacks of more or less fitful delivery of the uid pumped due to theuse of but one cylinder in many cases, and also their ungainly structurewith long operating parts which waste space and power. Upon consideringthis situation, and particularly the desirability of having an efficientpump which' is reasonably compact in structure and which also has asmooth, efcient delivery of fluid, it has occurred to me that lprimarilyeach cylinder should be connected to end chambers which in turn areconnected to intake and discharge chambers located intermediate said endchambers, all these chambers, together with the cylinders, forming acylinder assembly, and then using two such cylinder assemblies operatingalternatively and provided with appropriate operating means so that anew high in efficiency in pumps would be attained.

As a result, I have succeeded in evolving a vertically-arranged,double-action duplex pump which generally avoids the drawbacks ofconventional pumps and fulfills the foregoing objects in a satisfactorymanner, as will now be particularly explained in the following:

Hence, in the practice of my invention, and referring again to thedrawings, the supporting frame, generally indicated at l, primarilyincludes a horizontal supporting plate i2, upright Zi pedestal supportsI3, I4 having the stabilizing feet l5, I5 which may be secured to thefloor or foundation lI by means of screws or bolts, if desired, while onthe other hand, the supporting plate I2 may be secured in place upon thepedestal supports I3 and I4 by means of screws or bolts I8, I8, forexample, while horizontal frame portions I9 beneath plate I2 serve toreinforce the latter. Upon the intermediate portion of support plate I8of frame Ii are secured Y a pair of oppositely-directed angle members29,

2l by means of bolts or screws 22, 22 with the upright portions 23, 2lisecured to and supporting a pair of corresponding upright frames 25, 2Eby means of screws or bolts 2l, 2, the upper ends of these frames and 25being bridged and secured together by means of a cross-member 28 whichmay well be a tie rod if so desired, and serving to space the framemembers 25 and 25 accurately apart and thereby also causing one framemember to reinforce the other. From the near edges of the frame members25 and 2t, as seen in Figure l, rigidly extend a pair of bearingssupports 29, 3E for bearings 3|, 32 rotatably supporting a shaft 33 uponwhich ls mounted a driven gear 34 and a pinion 35. The gear 34 may bemeshed with a driving gear or pinion of a motor shaft or other primemover, or may be substituted by a pulley and driven by a belt from apower shaft or a pulley on a motor or other prime mover, but in anyevent, shaft 33 is driven from an outside source of power. Pinion 35meshes with a gear 365 fixed on a driven shaft 3l rotatably mounted inbearings 33 and 39 secured to frame members 2.5 and 25 by means ofscrews or bolts 49, 40, etc., the shaft 3l' projecting out through bothframe members and being provided upon the ends thereof with a pair ofequal pinions 4i, 42, and beyond each pinion with a guide roller 43 ineach case, as best seen in Figures 2 and 3. The shaft 3'! may have theroller i3 mounted directly thereon for rotation, but preferably a ballrace 4l@ is Xed thereon for a series of ball bearings 45, while theroller itself forms the outer ball race riding on said ball bearings. .Y

Upon the end of the shaft 3l is a stop 46 at each end serving to retainthe inner ball race i4 in position to prevent accidental displacementthereof, both the ball race and pinion 4| or 42, as the case may be,being held fast on the shaft to rotate positively therewith.

Each of the pinions 4i and 42 meshes with the Voblong racks 4l or 48,while the outer race or roller 43 rolls against thecorrespondingly-oblong guide wall 49 or 59 of the two pendent rack guidemembers or frames 5I, 52 having the outside plates 53., 5d securedthereto by means of Screws 55, 55, etc., in order to support the racks4l and 48' and connect them rigidly with the frame portions 49 and 50,each rack being undercut, as indicated at 5S in Figure 3, to provide thegroove 5l between the lower undercut portion of the rack and the guidewall e9 or 55, as the case may be. Upon the upper ends of rack guideframes 5i and 52 are inwardly-directed, integral hubs 58, 59 pivotallymounted by means of pivot bolts 68, G to the upper ends 6I, 52 of a pairof vertically-slidable piston crossheads 53, 54 rigidly connected attheir lower ends with piston rods 65, 55. The upper and lower ends ofthe slidable crossheads 64 at the lsides thereof are provided with'vertically-slotted guides 5l, 61, 63, 63 provided with theoutwardly-open grooves or slots 69, 69, 16), l0 adapted to engageslidably with the inner op- Posite edges of guide plates 1I, .l2 screwedor bolted or otherwise secured to the upright frameV members 25, 2t.Obviously, the crosshead 63 is similarly constructed as just describedin connection with crosshead 64, and the vertical movement of thecrossheads corresponding exactly with the vertical sliding movement ofthe piston rods and 56.

rEhe structure thus far described, except for the piston rods', iswholly mounted above the frame il on supporting plate I2, while thepiston rods extend through this plate down into cylinders which are nowabout to be described. Upon the under side of plate I2 are fixed a pairof cylinder assemblies, generally indicated at '13, 14, each 'of whichis provided with a flange i5 at the upper end thereof with apertures it,'I6 through which bolts or screws TI, 'll extend into plate i2, therebysuspending the cylinder assemblies 'I3 and 14 rigidly to said plate. fwe now turn our attention specifically to the cylinder assembly i3 shownin enlarged form in Figures 7 and 8, it must be understood beforehandthat the cylinder assembly 'ld is identical in all respects with thesame, so that description of one will also describe the other. Thecylinder assembly primary includes the internal cylinder 'I8 in which apiston 'i9 secured upon the lower end of piston rod 55 is reciprocable,the lower end B of the piston rod being reduced and provided with a nutSI screwed upon the threaded portion of the lower end Sd of said rod,this feature of construction being rather conventional and thereforeneed not be dwelt upon in further detail. Upon the cylinder i8 arespaced-apart a pair of integral flanges 82, 33 forming partitionsdefining chambers, as will now appear. Over the upper end of thecylinder TE is mounted a downwardly-open end chamber container 84 withthe upper end thereof provided with a, gland, generally indicated at 85and containing a packing '86 for piston rod 65 which passes slidablythrough the gland :and the packing into the upper resulting end chamber87. The upper flange l5 by which the unit as a whole to secure it to thesupporting plate I2 of frame II. At the lower end of container 84 is anintegral flange B8 resting directly upon the partition flange 32 of thecylinder and being bolted thereto by means of bolts 89, 89' whichincidentally serve a further purpose. Intermediate the two partitionflanges 82 and 83 are located a pair of vertical opposite flanges orpartitions 90, 9i also integral with the cylinder 'i3 and `at theirupper and lower end with the flanges -82V and 83. Furthermore, a pair ofsemi-circular shells 92, 93 provided `along their vertical edges withoutwardlyextending flanges 94, 913, 9.5, 95 are disposed between theupper and lower anges 82 and B3 of the cylinder T8 in such position asto locate the mentioned flanges 94, 95 on the opposite sides of the endsof partition walls 9i, 9i to which they are bolted by means of bolts 95,96. In addition, the mentioned shells '92 and 99 are `provided on theirupper and lower edges with flanges 97, 98, 99 and |99, the upper flanges9'! and 98 being secured to the upper horizontal flange 82 of cylinder'i8 by means of the previously-mentioned bolts l39, 89 which also securethe upper end chamber or container 8d to this flange 8-2. The lowerflanges S9 and it engage against the upper surfaces of the lower flangeor partition 83 integral -with cylinder i8, while below the same flangeis xed the flange lill of a lower end container H12 surrounding thelower end |03 of the cylinder and providing the vend `chamber L04 aboutthe same. The mentioned flanges 99 and IDI) and ange IDI are secured totheintegral flange orpartition 83 of the cylinder by means of bolts |65,similar to bolts 89 :already mentioned. In addition to the foregoingfeatures or" the intermediate unit formed by the shells 92 and 93itshould be pointed out that the shell 92 is provided with an inlet pipeISS terminat-V ing externally in a flange IB'I by which it may be boltedto a longer pipe or some other source of iluid to be pumped, while theother shell 93 is similarly provided with an outlet or delivery pipe |28also provided with a ange |69 similar to flange Ill'I by which to boltit or connect it to further piping or `a system to be supplied withfluid pumped by the apparatus. Due to the presence of the Verticalpartition walls 9|), 9|, the space about cylinder I3 within shells 92and 93 is subdivided into an intake chamber il and a delivery ordischarge chamber II I, periodically communicating with the end chambers81 and lill! by means of a group of valves in partitions -83 and |22.

The mentioned valves are pressure-responsive valves generally indicatedat II2, |I2, extending into the end chambers E31 and |04 forming intakevalves, while exactly similar outlet or discharge valves, generallyindicated at |I3, ||3, also disposed in the same partitions 82 and 83,are so located as to project into the discharge or delivery chamber |II, all the valves being identical in construction, as now to be noted.Primarily, each valve includes a ring I I4 having a threaded reducedportion IIE adapted to be screwed into the partitions S2 and 83 whichhave appropriately-tapped apertures therefor, the threaded portion H5being hollow and having the end I iii thereof provided with a pluralityof slots I I'I, III providing free passage for fluid through threadedportion II5 and ring IIA. Surmounting the ring I I4 is a disc I I8through which the shank I I9 of a screw ld extends slidably, the screwbeing screwed down into the central portion or body E2 I. The upper endof the screw is provided with a head |22 serving to retain a conicalspring 523 in position between said head and disc H22 in order to biasthe latter downwardly upon ring II!! so that the disc I I8 will form aclosure for the latter ring. It is evident that if fluid under pressureshould enter the passages III' and exert pressure against the under sideof disc |I8 against the bias of spring |23, the fluid would cause disc II8 to rise and pass fluid between said disc and ring II4 provided thepressure is sufficient to overcome the pressure of spring |23.

Returning now to the cylinder assembly 'I3 of Figure 8, it may be notedthat the valves I I2 extending into the end chambers 'I and |614 are alllocated at one side of the partition walls Sil, 9| in the intermediateintake chamber IIO in such position that when fluid under pressureenters intake pipe il, or rather when the pres sure is removed trom endchamber IM, for example, by the piston 'I9 reciprocating upwardlythrough cylinder i8, suction is produced within the mentioned chamber|04 causing the fluid entering through intake pipe |06 and intakechamber HG to open the discs IIB of valves |I2 and cause fluid to entersaid end chamber |04 as long as the piston rises through cylinder |04.Simultaneously the piston will exert pressure upon the fluid in thecylinder above the piston, forcing said iiuid into the upper end chamber81, and thereby opening the discs ||8 in Avalves II3 located in theupper partition or ange 82 and.

opening into delivery or discharge chamber III within shell 93,delivering the fluid into said chamber III and out through delivery pipe|08. Vfhen the piston I9 begins to descend vthrough the cylinder, thepreviously-mentioned .valves |52 lin, the lower partition 33communicating with the intake chamber IIB will immediately;

be closed by the pressure of the uid in the cylin' der and lower endchamber |04, while thelowerM valves IIB will be opened by the uidraisingthe discs I I8 in those valves disposed within thev deliverychamber IH in lower flange 83, thus forcing fluid into the deliverychamber III and out through the delivery pipe |08.

Simultaneously suctionV will be produced in theI in delivery chamber IIIby the fluid entering' from the lower end chamber |94. It is thus seenthat two sets of valves are in operation at each stroke of the pist-cnand for each stroke fluid is drawn into the intake pipe I I 6 and intakechamber lil and propelled through one of the end chambers 8'! or It@ tothe delivery chamber III and out throughdelivery or discharge pipe |08,and as two cylinder assemblies 'I3 and 'I4 are used, the flow of fluidfrom the delivery pipes les and the corresponding pipe of the otherassembly 'I4 is substantially constant during operation of theapparatus,

With regard to the upper operating mechanism, it might be well at thisjuncture to note the operation which provides vertical reciprocation ofthe pistons by means of the piston rods and 66 in alternation. Thearrangement is such that when the first gear 36 is rotated, as alreadyoutlined, from a motor or other prime mover, the pinion 35 will drivegear 35, rotating shaft 31 and pinions lll and ft2. These pinions aremaintained in mesh with the oblong racks 41 and 48 by virtue of therollers I3 rolling against the guide walls ad and 58 with the resultthat when pinionslli and 42 are continuously rotated, the pinions willrst travel down along one side of the oblong racks l? and 48 around thelower end thereof, and then up on the other side of the rack, then overacross the top and down on the rst side again, and this movement will beconstantly repeated so long as the pinions rotate. It is obvious thatwhen the pinion rotates alongside one row or teeth'on the oblong racks,the pinion remains in the same axial position throughout, while the rackis thus forced to travel first upwardly and then downwardly,

Vwhich naturally first lifts each of the frame members 5I and 52 andthen draws them down again, and as these guide frame members 5| and 52are pivotally connected by pivot bolts (5I)V to the upper ends BI and 52of piston rod cross# tively arranged with respect to each other 'thatone -is ascending while the other is descending, so

7" that one piston will be rising while the other falls/and vice versa,which provides a balanced movement of the parts which contributes to thesmoothness of the delivery of fluid from the pump apparatus as a whole.

As may be seen in Figure l, the two outlet pipes Hi8, IDB of bothcylinder assemblies T3 and 'I4 are located upon the same side of theapparatus to facilitate connection to the same delivery pipe or systemfrom the delivery chambers in both cylinder assemblies. While thesemicircular shells S3 and Q2 have been shown clamped to ver-ticalpartitions 9E] and 9| for convenience in assembling, it is manifest thatother arrangements may be resorted to for assembling the intermediateunit.

Manifestly, other variations may be resorted to andV parts and featuresmay be modified or used without others within the scope of the appendedclaims.

Having now fully described my invention, I claim;

l. A double-action duplex pump including a supporting frame having asupporting plate thereon, two upright cylinder assemblages spaced apartbeneath the supporting plate, a pair of pistons having piston rodsextending vertically therefrom through said supporting plate, vanddriven means for reciprocating the piston rods and their pistons inalternation, said driven means comprising a pair of upright framemembers iixed upon the supporting plate and spaced apart, a cross-`oarsecuring the upper ends of theframe members together, a pair of verticalguide strips or plates spaced apart upon each upright frame member, apiston rod crosshead slidably mounted between each pair of verticalguide plates and rigidly secured to the upper end of one of the pistonrods, a pair of bearings mounted on said upright frame members, ahorizontal shaft rotatably mounted earings and extending` through thelatter frame members, a pinion iixed upon each end of the shaft, a roundguide member mounted on each end of said shaft exteriorly of the pinionthere,-` on, an oblong rack having rack teeth on both sides and endsthereof meshing with each pinion, a correspondingly oblong guide framesurrounding each rack and engaged by the round guide member associatedwith a pinion respectively meshing with the rack involved, a platesecuring each rack in position in its associated ob.- long guide frame,a hub extending rigidly iro-m the upper portion or each oblong guideframe, and a pivot member pivotally connecting the upper end of each ofthe latter with the upper end' of one of the piston rod Vcrossheads tomove the latter crossheads and pis-ton rods with the guide frames whenthe latter are raised and lowered b y rotation of said pinions, and saidcylinder assemblages each including a vertical cylinder disposed beneathone of said upright iixed frame members and in which the pistonassociated with one of the piston rods and crossheads is reciprocable,the upper and lower ends of the cylinder being open, a of flanges orpartitions fixed upon the cylinder in vertically spaced-apart relation,an end chamber envelop,n ing the upper open end of the cylinder out ofcontact therewith, a peripheral flange upon the upper end of the endchamber secured to said supporting plate by which to suspend the entirecylinder assemblage therefrom, a second peripheralr anse upon the lowerend of said end chamin said ber secured upon the upper flange orpartition of the cylinder, a second end chamber enveloping the loweropen end of the cylinder out of contact therewith and having aperipheral ange upon the upper end the-reci^ secured to the lower flangeor portion of said cylinder, an intermediate chamber unit disposedbetween the upper and lower ilanges or partitions, a pair of uprightpartitions extending from one ange or partition to the other anddividing the interior of the intermediate chamber unit into an intakechamber and a delivery or discharge chamber, the intake chamber havingan intake pipe connected thereto and the delivery chamber' having adischarge pipe connected thereto, a plurality of spring-biased andpressure-responsive intake valves in each of the upper and lower flangeor partitions upon theV cylinder providing communication with the intakechamber and both end chambers and projecting and opening into thelatter, and a plurality of similar springbiased and pressure-responsiveoutlet or discharge valves in both langes or partitions of said cylinderproviding communication between the discharge chamber and both endchambers and projecting and opening into said discharge chamber.

2. In a double action duplex pump, a frame, a pair of upright spacedcylinders positioned within said frame and supported therein adjacentthe lower end thereof, a piston positioned within each of said cylindersand mounted for reciprocating movement, a piston rod having one endconnected to each of said pistons and having the other end projectingfrom said cylinders, a horizontally disposed driven shaft positionedbetween the projecting ends of said piston rods and rotatably supportedin the sides of said frame with the ends thereof projecting beyond saidsides, a rst cross head positioned in one side of said frame and mountedin the latter for vertical sliding movement, a rst guide rack framearranged exterior-ly of said frame adjacent said rst cross head andhaving one end pivotally connected to one end oi' said first cross head,a second cross head positioned on the other side of said frame andmounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a second guide rackframe arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said second cross headand having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said secondcross head, each of said guide rack frames being provided with anendless gear track, and a pinion on each of the projecting ends of saidshaft in meshing engagement with the gear track of the adjacent rackguide frame, said cross heads being disposed at different levels withrespect to each other and each having its other end operativelyconnected to the adjacent projecting end of the piston rod.

3. in a double action duplex pump, a frame, a pair of upright spacedcylinders positioned within said frame and supported therein adjacentthe lower end thereof, a piston positioned within each of said cylindersand mounted for reciprocating movement, a piston rod having one endconnected to each of said pistons and having the other end projectingfrom said cylinders, a horizontally disposed driven shaft positionedbetween the projecting ends of said piston rods and rotatably supportedin the sides of said frame with the ends thereof projecting beyond saidsides, a iirst cross head positioned. in one side of said frame andmounted in the latter for vertical' sliding movement, a rst guide rackframe arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said first cross headand having one end pivotally connected to one end of saidv first crosshead, a second cross head positioned on the other side of said frame andmounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a second guide rackframe arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said second cross headand having one end pivotally connected to the other end of said secondcross head, each of said guide rack frames be ing provided with anendless gear track, a pinion on each of the projecting ends of saidshaft in meshing engagement with the gear track of the adjacent rackguide frame, said cross heads being disposed at different levels withrespect to each other and each having its other end opn erativelyconnected to the adjacent projecting end of the piston rod, and drivemeans rotatably supported Within said frame and operatively connected tosaid driven shaft.

4. In a double action duplex pump. a frame, a pair of upright spacedcylinders positioned Within said frame and supported therein adjacentthe lower end thereof, a piston positioned within each of said cylindersand mounted for reciprocating movement, a piston rod having one endconnected to each of said pistons and having the other end projectingfrom said cylinders, a horizontally disposed driven shaft positionedbetween the projecting ends of said piston rods and rotatably supportedin the sides of said frame with the ends thereof projecting beyond saidsides, a first cross head positioned in one side of said frame andmounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a first guide rackframe arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said first cross headand having one end pivotally connected to one end of said firstcrossrhead, a second cross head positioned on the other side of saidframe and mounted in the latter for vertical sliding movement, a secondguide rack frame arranged exteriorly of said frame adjacent said secondcross head and having one end pivotally connected to the other end ofsaid second cross head, each of said guide rack frames being providedWith an endless gear track, a pinion on each of the projecting ends ofsaid shaft in meshing engagement with the gear track of the adjacentrack guide frame, said cross heads being disposed at different levelswith respect to each other and each having its other end operativelyconnected to the adjacent projecting end of the piston rod, drive meansrotatably supported within said frame and operatively connected to saiddriven shaft, said drive means comprising a rotatable drive shaftdisposed in spaced parallel relation with respect to said driven shaftand adapted to be connected to a source of motive power, a drive gearcarried by said drive shaft, and a driven gear carried by said drivenshaft in meshing engagement with said drive gear.

SERGIO DELAHANI Y ALONSO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 30 le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

